Written for The Birthday Collective

From New York to Singapore: A Journey of Cultural Discovery

My child is not half-American and half-Singaporean; he is both American and Singaporean.

In the summer of 2022, when schools in America were closed and most kids attended summer programs with fun activities like sports, robotics or arts and crafts, I boarded the longest flight in the world from New York to Singapore with my almost 5-yea-old son Aidan to enroll him in a local kindergarten for a month.

It was a decision birthed out of both a challenging child care situation and a persistent longing for home that had intensified when the borders were closed during COVID. 

Even the principal of the kindergarten was confused. “Shouldn’t Aidan be enjoying his summer in America instead of coming all the way to Singapore for… school?” 

I had to laugh. I told her that it was my version of a summer camp, a true cultural immersion for my biracial son, whose dad is a born-and-bred Italian New Yorker and whose mom, i.e. me, is a Chinese Singaporean transplant who has lived all over the world and now calls NYC home.

Aidan had already been to Singapore twice to visit my family and friends. To him, it is a real-life Disneyland, where the streets are exceedingly safe and spotlessly clean and where he is treated like a little prince everywhere he goes and feasts at every meal. And because we have sent him to various Mandarin immersion schools in NYC since he was 2, he is also fully bilingual and feels completely at ease in Singapore.

On his first day of kindergarten, dressed in school uniform and brand new white shoes that we had just bought the day before, my little New Yorker immediately looked more Singaporean. When we got to the school gate, he held my hands tightly but walked confidently up to join a line of kids getting their temperatures taken.

Aidan was unfazed by the fact that he did not know any of the teachers or students, but I, on the other hand, was a nervous wreck, wondering if I had made the right decision to throw him into the proverbial deep end. Still I remained all smiles and assured him that he was going to have the best day ever and sent him off with a barrage of hugs and kisses. 

When I picked him up in the early afternoon, he recounted his first day with an abundance of excitement, even though he barely remembered anyone’s names. 

At drop off the next morning, there were kids who greeted him eagerly and invited him to play catch before morning assembly. By the end of that day, much to my amusement, he began to pepper his sentences with lahs and lehs as we rode the bus back to my sister’s apartment. It took him no time to learn Singlish intonation and he began to effortlessly code-switch when speaking to Singaporeans.

Aidan’s time at the kindergarten turned out to be an overwhelmingly positive experience for him, and while the schedule and rules at school were different from what he was used to, he simply adapted. The curriculum in Singapore is far more robust and rigorous than America, and he could not believe his luck when they got to learn Math through playing Minecraft in class! He also got to experience Racial Harmony Day (a concept that unfortunately does not exist in America, a country rife with racial tensions) by learning about and celebrating the different races in Singapore.

On Aidan’s last day, every single kid in his class made him cards with lovely messages like “I will always remember you” and “You are so nice”. Despite my initial reservations, sending him to “summer camp” in Singapore turned out to be the best decision yet.

Just before our return to New York, Aidan made an astute observation: “When I am in Singapore, I miss New York, and when I am in New York, I miss Singapore.” It felt like he took those very words straight out of my mouth; here we were, mother and son, bonded by the same intense love and sense of belonging to both places at once. 

As the mother of a mixed race kid, I want Aidan to grow up knowing that he is fully both of his identities. He is not half-American and half-Singaporean; he is both American and Singaporean.

I hope that he never feels compelled to diminish any aspect of his identity to conform to societal expectations, and that he will grow up to appreciate the diverse perspectives, traditions and values that he is inheriting, recognizing them as gifts that have shaped his character and worldview.

Written for Ni Hao New York

Is Your Chocolate Made From Child Slavery?

10 Ethical Chocolates For This Halloween

Is the Halloween chocolate you hand out to trick-or-treaters every year made from child slavery? 

According to a U.S. Labor Department report, 60% of the world’s cocoa supply for the mass-produced chocolate industry comes from West African countries of Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire. These regions are steeped in dire poverty and notoriously rife with labor exploitation and human trafficking, with the average cacao farmer making less than $0.80 per hour (compared to the liveable wage of $2.50 per hour) and an estimated 2 million children enslaved in the fields. It has been described as one of the world's worst child labor crisis.

In an Ethical Rankings Scoresheet based on research in the areas of environmental, animal welfare and human rights, all the top names like Kit Kat, Mars, M&M's and Toblerone fared badly. Despite pledging to eradicate child labor over two decades ago, none of the biggest companies like Hershey and Nestlé can still fully trace the origin of their cacao, much less guarantee that their chocolate is free from exploitation.

Our hope lies with the smaller craft chocolate makers who are devoted to the bean-to-bar movement and committed to sourcing cacao directly from the farmers or through co-ops that pay as much as thrice the commodity price of raw beans. These artisanal makers have more control over the process, from how the cacao is grown to the flavor profiles of the bars to the packaging that lands on the shelf.

Take the advice of Mariel Presilla, author of The New Taste Of Chocolate, “Look for chocolate from a company that gives real information about the region the cacao is from, the farmers, and why this or that program they support matters.” If you're not sure, don't be afraid to ask!

I know it can be incredibly time-consuming, so I have the research and found 10 ethical chocolate treats you can hand out this Halloween. You’re welcome.

1.Equal Exchange Organic Chocolate Minis ($28.00 for a box of 150)
2.Alter Eco Truffles ($44.99 for a box of 60)
3.Tony's Chocolonely Tiny Tony's ($44.99 for 100 pieces)
4.Justin'sMini Milk Chocolate Peanut Butter Cups ($29.94 for 6x4.7 oz bags)
5.Divine Chocolate Mini Pieces ($30.00 for 100 pieces)
6.TCHO Chocolate Squares ($47.99 for 100 pieces)
7.Theo Peanut Butter Cups ($27.48 for 12 pack)
8.UNREAL Snack Pack Variety Pack ($20.99 for 12 pack)
9.Lake Champlain Halloween Squares ($10.00 for 12 pieces)
10.Chocolove Peanut Butter Cups ($45.00 for 50)

* I reached out to Enjoy Life Foods and they informed me that their chocolate is not fair-trade certified, but that their supplier focuses on improving conditions for the farmers and is committed to operating without child labor. For that reason they are not on the list. 

Want more resources? You can:

1. Read Buy The Change You Want To See

In this book written by founder of To The Market Jane Mosbacher Morris, she shares insights to inspire and empower you to create positive change as consumers.

2. Read Cocoa's Child Laborers

An investigative piece by The Washington Post, journalists speak with 12 child laborers from Burkina Faso working on cocoa farms and tell their heartbreaking stories, alongside reporting on what the industry is doing.

3. Read 2018 Chocolate Barometer

This comprehensive report provides an overview of the current sustainability developments in the cocoa sector and highlights critical issues that are require present attention.

4. Watch Rotten: Bitter Chocolate

This Netflix-produced documentary exposes shocking truth about the chocolate industry and addresses the many challenges faced.

5. Buy Slave Free Chocolate

A grassroots organization that aims to help eradicate child slavery in cocoa farms, this is an extensive list of companies that only use ethically grown cocoa.

“Do the best you can until you know better.  Then when you know better, do better.”  - Maya Angelou

Written for Ni Hao New York

A Beginner's Guide To Sustainable Tourism

Here’s why you should totally take that staycation.

“To travel is to discover that everyone is wrong about other countries.” - Aldous Huxley

According to the United Nations, the number of international travellers have nearly doubled in the last two decades and is forecasted to grow to an astounding 1.8 billion people by the year 2030. This is also why 2017 has been designated as the International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development to bring worldwide awareness and action to sustainable tourism.

Wikipedia defines sustainable tourism as “the concept of visiting a place as a tourist and trying to make only a positive impact on the environment, society and economy”, while the World Trade Organization views it more broadly as “an ethos that underpins all tourism activities”.

Because of my nomadic roots and insatiable wanderlust, this is a topic that is close to my heart. Short of the drastic decision to never board another airplane in my life again, is there a way for me to feel better about the impact I have as a global traveller?

Here are some things to consider before you take off on your next adventure:

1. Choose your destination wisely

Ethical Travel is a non-profit that ranks the World's Ten Best Ethical Destinations every year by their environmental protection standards, social welfare and human rights records, examining how the country has changed over time and if they are actively improving the state of their people, environment and government. Green Destinations comes up with a Top 100 list each year shortlisted from open-call nominations which is then evaluated by a panel of 30 evaluators based off a list of criteria which includes reduction in fossil fuel dependency, protection of nature and animals, promotion of cultural heritage and so on. 

Where you are going matters, and by choosing your destination wisely you are consciously promoting behavior for creating a safer and more sustainable world.

2. Limit your carbon footprint

It may be impossible to eliminate air or car travel altogether on your journey, but you can certainly limit your carbon footprint when you’re at your destination by using public transport or walking when possible- it is more economical and better for your health.

Rather than embarking on an intensive trip that may involve multiple plane rides over a short span of time, book a scenic train ride to reduce fuel consumption or focus on a smaller territory to get a better feel of the land. If you must fly, plan direct routes and pack light to burn less fuel and purchase carbon offsets to neutralize your airplane’s emissions.

3. Sleep in eco-friendly accommodations

Say no to big chain hotels that offer you the same cookie-cutter experience regardless of where you are, robbing you of a unique travel encounter. Book a homestay, B&B or boutique hotel that allows you to immerse in the local culture and traditions (even if it’s a little out of your comfort zone!). 

You should look out for hotel certification schemes aimed at providing greener hospitality, with standards and guidelines that address issues like environmental policies, social and economic development and cultural conservation. 

4. Support local endeavors

Do your research beforehand and spend your money at businesses that direct their profits into social or conservation programs, or hire locals and have initiatives to support the community. 

Seek out indigenous artisans and buy local and hand-made products instead of souvenirs mass-produced in a Chinese factory. Watch yourself when bartering- while you don’t want to get ripped off you also want to be respectful of their work and consider how far the money you think you are saving can go for someone in their position.

5. Tap into the sharing economy

The collaborative consumption movement has played an important role in the growth of sustainable tourism, finding productive uses for underutilized resources. You can now share a home via AirBNB or HomeExchange, pool a ride with Uber or Lyft, connect with a local on Verlocal or Withlocals or engage a vacation photographer through Flytographer. Make sure to leave honest reviews to help your fellow travellers!

But the greenest solution of all? Plan a staycation and get ready to experience home through brand new lens- visit your local museums, catch a performance, take a hike through nature or sign up for a walking tour of the city. It will be easier on your pocket and you won't need a vacation from your vacation when it's over!

Curious about your carbon footprint? Calculate your impact here. Want more tips?
You can download
Tips For A Responsible Traveler published by the UNWTO.

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